Labor force (2008) | Labor force (2001) | ||
Afghanistan | 15 million (2004 est.) | 10 million (2000 est.) | |
Albania | 1.09 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers) (September 2006 est.) | 1.692 million (including 352,000 emigrant workers and 261,000 domestically unemployed) (1994 est.) | |
Algeria | 9.38 million (2007 est.) | 9.1 million (2000 est.) | |
American Samoa | 17,630 (2005) | 14,000 (1996) | |
Andorra | 42,420 (2005) | 30,787 salaried employees (1998) | |
Angola | 6.573 million (2007 est.) | 5 million (1997 est.) | |
Anguilla | 6,049 (2001) | 4,400 (1992) | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 30,000 (1991) | 30,000 | |
Argentina | 16.1 million
note: urban areas only (2007 est.) |
15 million (1999) | |
Armenia | 1.2 million (2007 est.) | 1.5 million (1999) | |
Aruba | 41,500 (2004 est.) | 41,501 (1997 est.) | |
Australia | 10.9 million (2007 est.) | 9.5 million (December 1999) | |
Austria | 3.56 million (2007 est.) | 3.7 million (1999) | |
Azerbaijan | 5.243 million (2007 est.) | 2.9 million (1997) | |
Bahamas, The | 181,900 (2006) | 156,000 (1999) | |
Bahrain | 363,000
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2007 est.) |
295,000 (1998 est.)
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
|
Bangladesh | 69.4 million
note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $4.8 billion in 2005-06. (2007 est.) |
64.1 million (1998)
note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $1.71 billion in 1998-99 |
|
Barbados | 128,500 (2001 est.) | 136,000 (1998 est.) | |
Belarus | 4.3 million (31 December 2005) | 4.8 million (2000) | |
Belgium | 5.03 million (2007 est.) | 4.34 million (1999) | |
Belize | 113,000
note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel (2006 est.) |
71,000
note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel (1997 est.) |
|
Benin | 5.38 million (2007 est.) | NA | |
Bermuda | 38,360 (2004) | 35,296 (1997) | |
Bhutan | NA
note: major shortage of skilled labor |
NA
note: massive lack of skilled labor |
|
Bolivia | 4.793 million (2006 est.) | 2.5 million | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.026 million (2001) | 1.026 million | |
Botswana | 288,400 formal sector employees (2004) | 235,000 formal sector employees (1995) | |
Brazil | 99.47 million (2007 est.) | 79 million (1999 est.) | |
British Virgin Islands | 12,770 (2004) | 4,911 (1980) | |
Brunei | 180,400 (2006 est.) | 144,000 (1995 est.); note - includes foreign workers and military personnel
note: temporary residents make up 41% of labor force (1991) |
|
Bulgaria | 3.44 million (2007 est.) | 3.83 million (2000 est.) | |
Burkina Faso | 5 million
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment (2003) |
5 million (1999)
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment |
|
Burma | 29.26 million (2007 est.) | 19.7 million (FY98/99 est.) | |
Burundi | 2.99 million (2002) | 1.9 million | |
Cambodia | 7 million (2003 est.) | 6 million (1998 est.) | |
Cameroon | 6.68 million (2007 est.) | NA | |
Canada | 17.9 million (2007 est.) | 16.1 million (2000) | |
Cape Verde | 120,600 (1990) | NA | |
Cayman Islands | 23,450 (2004) | 19,820 (1995) | |
Central African Republic | 1.857 million (2006) | NA | |
Chad | 3.747 million (2006) | NA | |
Chile | 6.97 million (2007 est.) | 5.8 million (1999 est.) | |
China | 803.3 million (2007 est.) | 700 million (1998 est.) | |
Christmas Island | NA | NA | |
Cocos (Keeling) Islands | NA | NA | |
Colombia | 20.65 million (2007 est.) | 18.3 million (1999 est.) | |
Comoros | 144,500 (1996 est.) | 144,500 (1996 est.) | |
Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 15 million (2006 est.) | 14.51 million (1993 est.) | |
Congo, Republic of the | NA | NA | |
Cook Islands | 6,820 (2001) | 6,601 (1993) | |
Costa Rica | 1.946 million
note: this official estimate excludes Nicaraguans living in Costa Rica (2007 est.) |
1.9 million (1999) | |
Cote d'Ivoire | 6.907 million (68% agricultural) (2007 est.) | 68% agricultural (2000 est.) | |
Croatia | 1.714 million (2007 est.) | 1.68 million (October 2000) | |
Cuba | 4.853 million
note: state sector 78%, non-state sector 22% (2007 est.) |
4.3 million (2000 est.)
note: state sector 75%, non-state sector 25% (1998) |
|
Cyprus | area under government control: 391,000
area administered by Turkish Cypriots: 95,025 (2007 est.) |
Greek Cypriot area: 291,000; Turkish Cypriot area: 86,300 (2000) | |
Czech Republic | 5.35 million (2007 est.) | 5.203 million (1999 est.) | |
Denmark | 2.9 million (2007 est.) | 2.856 million (2000 est.) | |
Djibouti | 282,000 (2000) | 282,000 | |
Dominica | 25,000 (2000 est.) | 25,000 | |
Dominican Republic | 3.986 million (2007 est.) | 2.3 million - 2.6 million | |
Ecuador | 4.55 million (urban) (2007 est.) | 4.2 million | |
Egypt | 22.49 million (2007 est.) | 19.9 million (2000 est.) | |
El Salvador | 2.87 million (2007 est.) | 2.35 million (1999) | |
Equatorial Guinea | NA | NA | |
Eritrea | NA | NA | |
Estonia | 688,000 (2007 est.) | 785,500 (1999 est.) | |
Ethiopia | 27.27 million (1999) | NA | |
European Union | 222.4 million (2006 est.) | - | |
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | 1,724 (est.) (1996) | 1,100 (est.) | |
Faroe Islands | 24,250 (October 2000) | 24,250 (October 2000) | |
Fiji | 137,000 (1999) | 235,000 | |
Finland | 2.68 million (2007 est.) | 2.6 million (2000 est.) | |
France | 27.76 million (2007 est.) | 25 million (2000) | |
French Guiana | - | 58,800 (1997) | |
French Polynesia | 65,930 (December 2005) | 70,000 (1996) | |
Gabon | 582,000 (2007 est.) | 600,000 | |
Gambia, The | 400,000 (1996) | 400,000 | |
Gaza Strip | 267,000 (2006) | NA | |
Georgia | 2.02 million (2007 est.) | 3.08 million (1997) | |
Germany | 43.63 million (2007 est.) | 40.5 million (1999 est.) | |
Ghana | 11.29 million (2007 est.) | 9 million (2000 est.) | |
Gibraltar | 12,690 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (2001) | 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) | |
Greece | 4.94 million (2007 est.) | 4.32 million (1999 est.) | |
Greenland | 32,120 (2004) | 24,500 (1999 est.) | |
Grenada | 42,300 (1996) | 42,300 (1996) | |
Guadeloupe | - | 125,900 (1997) | |
Guam | 62,050 (2002 est.) | 60,000 (2000 est.) | |
Guatemala | 3.958 million (2007 est.) | 4.2 million (1999 est.) | |
Guernsey | 31,470 (March 2006) | 31,322 (2000) | |
Guinea | 3.7 million (2006 est.) | 3 million (1999) | |
Guinea-Bissau | 480,000 (1999) | 480,000 | |
Guyana | 418,000 (2001 est.) | 245,492 (1992) | |
Haiti | 3.6 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1995) |
3.6 million (1995)
note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1998) |
|
Holy See (Vatican City) | NA | NA | |
Honduras | 2.812 million (2007 est.) | 2.3 million (1997 est.) | |
Hong Kong | 3.64 million (2007 est.) | 3.39 million (2000 est.) | |
Hungary | 4.19 million (2007 est.) | 4.2 million (1997) | |
Iceland | 180,000 (2007 est.) | 159,000 (2000) | |
India | 516.4 million (2007 est.) | NA | |
Indonesia | 108 million (2007 est.) | 99 million (1999) | |
Iran | 28.7 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.) |
17.3 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (1998) |
|
Iraq | 7.4 million (2004 est.) | 4.4 million (1989) | |
Ireland | 2.21 million (2007 est.) | 1.82 million (2000 est.) | |
Isle of Man | 39,690 (2001) | 36,610 (1998) | |
Israel | 2.88 million (2007 est.) | 2.4 million (2000 est.) | |
Italy | 24.86 million (2007 est.) | 23.4 million (2000) | |
Jamaica | 1.255 million (2007 est.) | 1.13 million (1998) | |
Japan | 66.07 million (2007 est.) | 67.7 million (December 2000) | |
Jersey | 53,560 (June 2006) | 57,050 (1996) | |
Jordan | 1.563 million (2007 est.) | 1.15 million
note: in addition, at least 300,000 workers are employed abroad (1997 est.) |
|
Kazakhstan | 8.156 million (2007 est.) | 8.8 million (1997) | |
Kenya | 11.85 million (2005 est.) | 9.2 million (1998 est.) | |
Kiribati | 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.) | 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.) | |
Korea, North | 20 million
note: estimates vary widely (2004 est.) |
9.6 million | |
Korea, South | 23.99 million (2007 est.) | 22 million (2000) | |
Kosovo | 832,000 (June 2007 est.) | - | |
Kuwait | 1.167 million
note: non-Kuwaitis represent about 80% of the labor force (2007 est.) |
1.3 million (1998 est.)
note: 68% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
|
Kyrgyzstan | 2.7 million (2000) | 1.7 million | |
Laos | 2.1 million (2006 est.) | 1 million - 1.5 million | |
Latvia | 1.136 million (2006 est.) | 1.4 million (2000 est.) | |
Lebanon | 1.5 million
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers (2005 est.) |
1.3 million (1999 est.)
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers (1997 est.) |
|
Lesotho | 838,000 (2000 est.) | 700,000 economically active | |
Libya | 1.82 million (2007 est.) | 1.5 million (2000 est.) | |
Liechtenstein | 29,500 of whom 13,900 commute from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany to work each day (31 December 2001) | 22,891 of which 13,847 are foreigners; 8,231 commute from Austria and Switzerland to work each day | |
Lithuania | 1.587 million (2007 est.) | 2 million (2000 est.) | |
Luxembourg | 205,000 of whom 121,600 are foreign cross-border workers commuting primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany (2007 est.) | 248,000 (of whom 70,200 are foreign cross-border workers primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany) (2000) | |
Macau | 275,000 (2006) | 283,450 (1999) | |
Macedonia | 890,000 (2007 est.) | - | |
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of | - | 1 million (1999 est.) | |
Madagascar | 7.3 million (2000) | 7 million (1999) | |
Malawi | 4.5 million (2001 est.) | 3.5 million | |
Malaysia | 10.91 million (2007 est.) | 9.6 million (2000 est.) | |
Maldives | 101,300 (2004) | 67,000 (1995) | |
Mali | 3.93 million (2001 est.) | NA | |
Malta | 164,000 (2006 est.) | 145,901 (1999) | |
Marshall Islands | 14,680 (2000) | NA | |
Martinique | - | 170,000 (1997) | |
Mauritania | 786,000 (2001) | 750,000 (1999) | |
Mauritius | 550,000 (2007 est.) | 514,000 (1995) | |
Mayotte | 44,560 (2002) | NA | |
Mexico | 45.38 million (2007 est.) | 39.8 million (2000) | |
Micronesia, Federated States of | 37,410 (2000) | NA | |
Moldova | 1.333 million (2007 est.) | 1.7 million (1998) | |
Monaco | 44,000
note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2005 est.) |
30,540 (January 1994) | |
Mongolia | 1.042 million (2006) | 1.3 million (1999) | |
Montenegro | 259,100 (2004) | - | |
Montserrat | 4,521
note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.) |
4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity | |
Morocco | 11.35 million (2007 est.) | 11 million (1997 est.) | |
Mozambique | 9.6 million (2007 est.) | 7.4 million (1997 est.) | |
Namibia | 660,000 (2007 est.) | 500,000 | |
Nepal | 11.11 million
note: severe lack of skilled labor (2006 est.) |
10 million (1996 est.)
note: severe lack of skilled labor |
|
Netherlands | 7.5 million (2007 est.) | 7.2 million (2000) | |
Netherlands Antilles | 83,600 (2005) | 89,000 | |
New Caledonia | 78,990 (2004) | 79,395 (including 15, 018 unemployed, 1996) | |
New Zealand | 2.23 million (2007 est.) | 1.88 million (2000) | |
Nicaragua | 2.262 million (2007 est.) | 1.7 million (1999) | |
Niger | 70,000 salaried workers, 60% of whom are employed in the public sector (1995) | 70,000 receive regular wages or salaries | |
Nigeria | 50.13 million (2007 est.) | 66 million (1999 est.) | |
Niue | 663 (2001) | 450 (1992 est.) | |
Norfolk Island | NA | 1,395 (1991 est.) | |
Northern Mariana Islands | 44,470 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (2000) | 6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (1995) | |
Norway | 2.5 million (2007 est.) | 2.4 million (2000 est.) | |
Oman | 920,000 (2002 est.) | 850,000 (1997 est.) | |
Pakistan | 49.18 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2007 est.) |
40 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2000 est.) |
|
Palau | 9,777 (2005) | 8,300 (1999) | |
Panama | 1.471 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor (2007 est.) |
1.1 million (2000 est.)
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor |
|
Papua New Guinea | 3.557 million (2007 est.) | 1.941 million | |
Paraguay | 2.735 million (2007) | 2 million (2000 est.) | |
Peru | 9.419 million (2007 est.) | 7.6 million (1996 est.) | |
Philippines | 36.22 million (2007 est.) | 48.1 million (2000 est.) | |
Pitcairn Islands | 15 able-bodied men (2004) | 12 able-bodied men (1997) | |
Poland | 17.01 million (2007 est.) | 17.2 million (1999 est.) | |
Portugal | 5.62 million (2007 est.) | 5 million (1999) | |
Puerto Rico | 1.3 million (2000) | 1.3 million (2000) | |
Qatar | 638,000 (2007 est.) | 233,000 (1993 est.) | |
Reunion | - | 261,000 (1995) | |
Romania | 9.35 million (2007 est.) | 9.9 million (1999 est.) | |
Russia | 75.1 million (November 2007 est.) | 66 million (1997) | |
Rwanda | 4.6 million (2000) | 3.6 million | |
Saint Helena | 2,486
note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.) |
3,500 (1998 est.)
note: 1,200 of whom are working offshore |
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 18,170 (June 1995) | 18,172 (June 1995) | |
Saint Lucia | 43,800 (2001 est.) | 43,800 | |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 3,450 (2005) | 3,000 (1997) | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 41,680 (1991 est.) | 67,000 (1984 est.) | |
Samoa | 90,000 (2000 est.) | 90,000 (2000 est.) | |
San Marino | 20,470 (2004) | 18,500 (1999) | |
Sao Tome and Principe | 35,050 (1991) | NA | |
Saudi Arabia | 6.488 million
note: more than 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2007 est.) |
7 million
note: 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
|
Senegal | 4.85 million (2007 est.) | NA | |
Serbia | 2.961 million for Serbia (includes Kosovo) (2002 est.) | - | |
Seychelles | 30,900 (1996) | 30,900 (1996) | |
Sierra Leone | 1.369 million (1981 est.) | 1.369 million (1981 est.)
note: only about 65,000 wage earners (1985) |
|
Singapore | 2.67 million (2007 est.) | 2.1 million (2000) | |
Slovakia | 2.661 million (2007 est.) | 3 million (1999) | |
Slovenia | 920,000 (2007 est.) | 857,400 | |
Solomon Islands | 249,200 (1999) | 26,842 | |
Somalia | 3.7 million (few skilled laborers) (1975) | 3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers) (1993 est.) | |
South Africa | 20.49 million economically active (2007 est.) | 17 million economically active (2000) | |
Spain | 22.01 million (2007 est.) | 17 million (2000) | |
Sri Lanka | 7.67 million (2007 est.) | 6.6 million (1998) | |
Sudan | 7.415 million (1996 est.) | 11 million (1996 est.) | |
Suriname | 156,700 (2004) | 100,000 | |
Svalbard | NA | NA | |
Swaziland | 300,000 (2006) | NA | |
Sweden | 4.66 million (2007 est.) | 4.4 million (2000 est.) | |
Switzerland | 3.85 million (2007 est.) | 3.9 million (964,000 foreign workers, mostly Italian) (1998 est.) | |
Syria | 5.457 million (2007 est.) | 4.7 million (1998 est.) | |
Taiwan | 10.78 million (2007 est.) | 9.8 million (2000 est.) | |
Tajikistan | 3.7 million (2003) | 1.9 million (1996) | |
Tanzania | 19.69 million (2007 est.) | 13.495 million | |
Thailand | 37.12 million (2007 est.) | 32.6 million (1997 est.) | |
Timor-Leste | NA | - | |
Togo | 1.302 million (1998) | 1.74 million (1996) | |
Tokelau | 440 (2001) | NA | |
Tonga | 33,910 (2003) | 34,000 (FY96/97) | |
Trinidad and Tobago | 615,400 (2007 est.) | 558,700 (1998) | |
Tunisia | 3.591 million (2007 est.) | 2.65 million (2000 est.)
note: shortage of skilled labor |
|
Turkey | 25.27 million
note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (2007 est.) |
23 million (2000 est.)
note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (1999) |
|
Turkmenistan | 2.32 million (2003 est.) | 2.34 million (1996) | |
Turks and Caicos Islands | 4,848 (1990 est.) | 4,848 (1990 est.) | |
Tuvalu | 3,615 (2004 est.) | NA | |
Uganda | 14.05 million (2007 est.) | 8.361 million (1993 est.) | |
Ukraine | 21.63 million (2007 est.) | 22.8 million (yearend 1997) | |
United Arab Emirates | 3.119 million (2007 est.) | 1.4 million (1998 est.)
note: 75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
|
United Kingdom | 30.71 million (2007 est.) | 29.2 million (1999) | |
United States | 153.1 million (includes unemployed) (2007 est.) | 140.9 million (includes unemployed) (2000) | |
Uruguay | 1.5 million (2007 est.) | 1.5 million (1999 est.) | |
Uzbekistan | 14.6 million (2007 est.) | 11.9 million (1998 est.) | |
Vanuatu | 76,410 (1999) | NA | |
Venezuela | 12.5 million (2007 est.) | 9.9 million (1999) | |
Vietnam | 45.73 million (2007 est.) | 38.2 million (1998 est.) | |
Virgin Islands | 43,980 (2004 est.) | 47,443 (1990 est.) | |
Wallis and Futuna | 3,104 (2003) | NA | |
West Bank | 605,000 (2006) | NA | |
Western Sahara | 12,000 | 12,000 | |
World | 3.001 billion (2007 est.) | NA | |
Yemen | 6.316 million (2007 est.) | NA | |
Yugoslavia | - | 1.6 million (1999 est.) | |
Zambia | 4.989 million (2007 est.) | 3.4 million | |
Zimbabwe | 3.998 million (2007 est.) | 5.5 million (2000 est.) |